Figure A
Young workers consistently have worse labor market outcomes: Unemployment rate for young workers, 16–24 years old, and workers 25+, 1979–2023
| Ages 16–24 | Ages 25+ | |
|---|---|---|
| 1979-01-01 | 11.6% | 4.0% |
| 1979-02-01 | 11.7 | 4.0 |
| 1979-03-01 | 11.6 | 4.0 |
| 1979-04-01 | 11.6 | 4.0 |
| 1979-05-01 | 11.6 | 3.7 |
| 1979-06-01 | 11.5 | 3.8 |
| 1979-07-01 | 11.6 | 3.8 |
| 1979-08-01 | 12.2 | 4.1 |
| 1979-09-01 | 12.1 | 3.9 |
| 1979-10-01 | 12.1 | 4.0 |
| 1979-11-01 | 11.6 | 4.1 |
| 1979-12-01 | 12.4 | 3.9 |
| 1980-01-01 | 12.6 | 4.3 |
| 1980-02-01 | 12.5 | 4.3 |
| 1980-03-01 | 12.3 | 4.5 |
| 1980-04-01 | 13.1 | 5.0 |
| 1980-05-01 | 14.7 | 5.2 |
| 1980-06-01 | 14.7 | 5.4 |
| 1980-07-01 | 14.9 | 5.6 |
| 1980-08-01 | 14.7 | 5.6 |
| 1980-09-01 | 14.3 | 5.4 |
| 1980-10-01 | 14.5 | 5.4 |
| 1980-11-01 | 14.4 | 5.3 |
| 1980-12-01 | 13.7 | 5.2 |
| 1981-01-01 | 14.5 | 5.3 |
| 1981-02-01 | 14.6 | 5.3 |
| 1981-03-01 | 14.5 | 5.2 |
| 1981-04-01 | 14.5 | 5.0 |
| 1981-05-01 | 15.1 | 5.2 |
| 1981-06-01 | 14.9 | 5.3 |
| 1981-07-01 | 14.1 | 5.2 |
| 1981-08-01 | 14.5 | 5.2 |
| 1981-09-01 | 14.9 | 5.4 |
| 1981-10-01 | 15.3 | 5.7 |
| 1981-11-01 | 15.9 | 6.0 |
| 1981-12-01 | 16.1 | 6.3 |
| 1982-01-01 | 16.5 | 6.3 |
| 1982-02-01 | 17.0 | 6.5 |
| 1982-03-01 | 16.9 | 6.8 |
| 1982-04-01 | 17.4 | 7.0 |
| 1982-05-01 | 17.3 | 7.1 |
| 1982-06-01 | 17.5 | 7.3 |
| 1982-07-01 | 18.0 | 7.5 |
| 1982-08-01 | 18.1 | 7.4 |
| 1982-09-01 | 18.2 | 7.9 |
| 1982-10-01 | 18.5 | 8.1 |
| 1982-11-01 | 19.0 | 8.4 |
| 1982-12-01 | 18.9 | 8.6 |
| 1983-01-01 | 18.5 | 8.1 |
| 1983-02-01 | 18.4 | 8.2 |
| 1983-03-01 | 18.2 | 8.1 |
| 1983-04-01 | 18.0 | 8.0 |
| 1983-05-01 | 17.7 | 8.0 |
| 1983-06-01 | 17.8 | 7.9 |
| 1983-07-01 | 16.8 | 7.3 |
| 1983-08-01 | 17.3 | 7.3 |
| 1983-09-01 | 16.4 | 7.2 |
| 1983-10-01 | 16.2 | 6.8 |
| 1983-11-01 | 15.4 | 6.6 |
| 1983-12-01 | 14.9 | 6.6 |
| 1984-01-01 | 14.8 | 6.2 |
| 1984-02-01 | 14.3 | 6.1 |
| 1984-03-01 | 14.4 | 5.9 |
| 1984-04-01 | 14.5 | 6.0 |
| 1984-05-01 | 13.6 | 5.7 |
| 1984-06-01 | 13.2 | 5.6 |
| 1984-07-01 | 13.7 | 5.8 |
| 1984-08-01 | 14.1 | 5.7 |
| 1984-09-01 | 14.0 | 5.6 |
| 1984-10-01 | 13.6 | 5.7 |
| 1984-11-01 | 13.2 | 5.6 |
| 1984-12-01 | 13.7 | 5.6 |
| 1985-01-01 | 13.6 | 5.7 |
| 1985-02-01 | 13.6 | 5.6 |
| 1985-03-01 | 13.6 | 5.6 |
| 1985-04-01 | 13.2 | 5.8 |
| 1985-05-01 | 13.6 | 5.5 |
| 1985-06-01 | 13.5 | 5.8 |
| 1985-07-01 | 14.2 | 5.6 |
| 1985-08-01 | 13.3 | 5.6 |
| 1985-09-01 | 13.3 | 5.6 |
| 1985-10-01 | 14.1 | 5.4 |
| 1985-11-01 | 13.5 | 5.3 |
| 1985-12-01 | 13.5 | 5.4 |
| 1986-01-01 | 13.0 | 5.1 |
| 1986-02-01 | 13.6 | 5.6 |
| 1986-03-01 | 13.2 | 5.6 |
| 1986-04-01 | 13.7 | 5.5 |
| 1986-05-01 | 13.7 | 5.5 |
| 1986-06-01 | 13.5 | 5.6 |
| 1986-07-01 | 13.3 | 5.5 |
| 1986-08-01 | 13.1 | 5.4 |
| 1986-09-01 | 13.6 | 5.4 |
| 1986-10-01 | 13.0 | 5.5 |
| 1986-11-01 | 12.8 | 5.4 |
| 1986-12-01 | 13.0 | 5.1 |
| 1987-01-01 | 13.0 | 5.1 |
| 1987-02-01 | 13.1 | 5.0 |
| 1987-03-01 | 12.8 | 5.1 |
| 1987-04-01 | 12.6 | 4.9 |
| 1987-05-01 | 12.5 | 4.8 |
| 1987-06-01 | 12.3 | 4.7 |
| 1987-07-01 | 11.8 | 4.7 |
| 1987-08-01 | 11.7 | 4.7 |
| 1987-09-01 | 11.8 | 4.6 |
| 1987-10-01 | 11.8 | 4.6 |
| 1987-11-01 | 11.5 | 4.5 |
| 1987-12-01 | 11.2 | 4.5 |
| 1988-01-01 | 11.5 | 4.4 |
| 1988-02-01 | 11.3 | 4.4 |
| 1988-03-01 | 11.8 | 4.3 |
| 1988-04-01 | 11.2 | 4.2 |
| 1988-05-01 | 11.3 | 4.3 |
| 1988-06-01 | 10.5 | 4.2 |
| 1988-07-01 | 10.8 | 4.2 |
| 1988-08-01 | 11.0 | 4.4 |
| 1988-09-01 | 10.8 | 4.2 |
| 1988-10-01 | 10.8 | 4.1 |
| 1988-11-01 | 10.5 | 4.2 |
| 1988-12-01 | 10.8 | 4.1 |
| 1989-01-01 | 11.8 | 4.1 |
| 1989-02-01 | 10.6 | 4.0 |
| 1989-03-01 | 10.1 | 3.9 |
| 1989-04-01 | 10.6 | 4.1 |
| 1989-05-01 | 10.4 | 4.0 |
| 1989-06-01 | 11.2 | 4.0 |
| 1989-07-01 | 10.6 | 4.0 |
| 1989-08-01 | 10.9 | 4.0 |
| 1989-09-01 | 11.1 | 4.1 |
| 1989-10-01 | 11.0 | 4.1 |
| 1989-11-01 | 11.3 | 4.1 |
| 1989-12-01 | 11.2 | 4.1 |
| 1990-01-01 | 10.8 | 4.1 |
| 1990-02-01 | 10.7 | 4.1 |
| 1990-03-01 | 10.6 | 4.1 |
| 1990-04-01 | 11.1 | 4.2 |
| 1990-05-01 | 10.8 | 4.2 |
| 1990-06-01 | 10.4 | 4.1 |
| 1990-07-01 | 10.7 | 4.4 |
| 1990-08-01 | 11.5 | 4.5 |
| 1990-09-01 | 11.7 | 4.6 |
| 1990-10-01 | 11.8 | 4.7 |
| 1990-11-01 | 12.0 | 4.9 |
| 1990-12-01 | 12.0 | 5.0 |
| 1991-01-01 | 12.6 | 5.0 |
| 1991-02-01 | 12.8 | 5.3 |
| 1991-03-01 | 13.1 | 5.5 |
| 1991-04-01 | 12.7 | 5.4 |
| 1991-05-01 | 13.6 | 5.5 |
| 1991-06-01 | 13.6 | 5.5 |
| 1991-07-01 | 13.8 | 5.4 |
| 1991-08-01 | 13.5 | 5.5 |
| 1991-09-01 | 13.4 | 5.5 |
| 1991-10-01 | 13.9 | 5.6 |
| 1991-11-01 | 13.8 | 5.7 |
| 1991-12-01 | 14.6 | 5.8 |
| 1992-01-01 | 13.9 | 5.9 |
| 1992-02-01 | 14.2 | 6.0 |
| 1992-03-01 | 14.1 | 6.1 |
| 1992-04-01 | 13.6 | 6.1 |
| 1992-05-01 | 14.4 | 6.3 |
| 1992-06-01 | 15.2 | 6.3 |
| 1992-07-01 | 14.5 | 6.3 |
| 1992-08-01 | 14.2 | 6.3 |
| 1992-09-01 | 14.5 | 6.2 |
| 1992-10-01 | 13.5 | 6.1 |
| 1992-11-01 | 14.3 | 6.1 |
| 1992-12-01 | 14.2 | 6.1 |
| 1993-01-01 | 14.0 | 5.8 |
| 1993-02-01 | 14.1 | 5.7 |
| 1993-03-01 | 13.6 | 5.7 |
| 1993-04-01 | 13.8 | 5.7 |
| 1993-05-01 | 14.2 | 5.6 |
| 1993-06-01 | 13.7 | 5.7 |
| 1993-07-01 | 13.1 | 5.7 |
| 1993-08-01 | 13.0 | 5.5 |
| 1993-09-01 | 12.6 | 5.6 |
| 1993-10-01 | 13.0 | 5.6 |
| 1993-11-01 | 12.9 | 5.4 |
| 1993-12-01 | 12.5 | 5.4 |
| 1994-01-01 | 13.4 | 5.2 |
| 1994-02-01 | 12.9 | 5.3 |
| 1994-03-01 | 13.1 | 5.2 |
| 1994-04-01 | 13.3 | 5.0 |
| 1994-05-01 | 12.5 | 4.8 |
| 1994-06-01 | 12.4 | 4.8 |
| 1994-07-01 | 12.4 | 4.8 |
| 1994-08-01 | 12.5 | 4.8 |
| 1994-09-01 | 12.1 | 4.7 |
| 1994-10-01 | 12.0 | 4.6 |
| 1994-11-01 | 11.4 | 4.5 |
| 1994-12-01 | 11.5 | 4.3 |
| 1995-01-01 | 11.4 | 4.4 |
| 1995-02-01 | 11.7 | 4.2 |
| 1995-03-01 | 11.6 | 4.2 |
| 1995-04-01 | 12.0 | 4.5 |
| 1995-05-01 | 11.9 | 4.5 |
| 1995-06-01 | 12.0 | 4.4 |
| 1995-07-01 | 12.5 | 4.4 |
| 1995-08-01 | 12.5 | 4.4 |
| 1995-09-01 | 12.7 | 4.3 |
| 1995-10-01 | 12.4 | 4.2 |
| 1995-11-01 | 12.0 | 4.4 |
| 1995-12-01 | 12.4 | 4.3 |
| 1996-01-01 | 12.8 | 4.3 |
| 1996-02-01 | 12.2 | 4.2 |
| 1996-03-01 | 12.2 | 4.2 |
| 1996-04-01 | 12.0 | 4.3 |
| 1996-05-01 | 12.2 | 4.3 |
| 1996-06-01 | 11.8 | 4.1 |
| 1996-07-01 | 12.4 | 4.2 |
| 1996-08-01 | 11.6 | 4.0 |
| 1996-09-01 | 11.4 | 4.0 |
| 1996-10-01 | 11.6 | 4.0 |
| 1996-11-01 | 11.9 | 4.1 |
| 1996-12-01 | 11.8 | 4.1 |
| 1997-01-01 | 12.2 | 4.0 |
| 1997-02-01 | 11.8 | 4.0 |
| 1997-03-01 | 11.7 | 3.9 |
| 1997-04-01 | 11.6 | 3.8 |
| 1997-05-01 | 11.1 | 3.8 |
| 1997-06-01 | 11.4 | 3.8 |
| 1997-07-01 | 11.2 | 3.7 |
| 1997-08-01 | 11.1 | 3.7 |
| 1997-09-01 | 11.2 | 3.7 |
| 1997-10-01 | 11.0 | 3.5 |
| 1997-11-01 | 10.8 | 3.4 |
| 1997-12-01 | 10.5 | 3.6 |
| 1998-01-01 | 10.9 | 3.5 |
| 1998-02-01 | 10.6 | 3.5 |
| 1998-03-01 | 10.5 | 3.6 |
| 1998-04-01 | 9.7 | 3.4 |
| 1998-05-01 | 10.3 | 3.3 |
| 1998-06-01 | 10.6 | 3.4 |
| 1998-07-01 | 10.6 | 3.4 |
| 1998-08-01 | 10.8 | 3.3 |
| 1998-09-01 | 11.0 | 3.4 |
| 1998-10-01 | 10.5 | 3.4 |
| 1998-11-01 | 9.8 | 3.3 |
| 1998-12-01 | 9.6 | 3.3 |
| 1999-01-01 | 10.2 | 3.2 |
| 1999-02-01 | 10.1 | 3.3 |
| 1999-03-01 | 9.9 | 3.1 |
| 1999-04-01 | 10.0 | 3.3 |
| 1999-05-01 | 9.6 | 3.1 |
| 1999-06-01 | 10.0 | 3.2 |
| 1999-07-01 | 9.9 | 3.2 |
| 1999-08-01 | 9.6 | 3.2 |
| 1999-09-01 | 10.2 | 3.1 |
| 1999-10-01 | 10.0 | 3.0 |
| 1999-11-01 | 9.9 | 3.0 |
| 1999-12-01 | 9.6 | 2.9 |
| 2000-01-01 | 9.4 | 3.0 |
| 2000-02-01 | 9.9 | 3.0 |
| 2000-03-01 | 9.6 | 3.0 |
| 2000-04-01 | 9.2 | 2.9 |
| 2000-05-01 | 9.8 | 3.0 |
| 2000-06-01 | 9.3 | 3.0 |
| 2000-07-01 | 9.3 | 3.0 |
| 2000-08-01 | 9.3 | 3.1 |
| 2000-09-01 | 8.9 | 3.0 |
| 2000-10-01 | 8.9 | 2.9 |
| 2000-11-01 | 9.1 | 3.0 |
| 2000-12-01 | 9.2 | 2.9 |
| 2001-01-01 | 9.6 | 3.2 |
| 2001-02-01 | 9.6 | 3.2 |
| 2001-03-01 | 9.8 | 3.2 |
| 2001-04-01 | 10.2 | 3.3 |
| 2001-05-01 | 9.9 | 3.3 |
| 2001-06-01 | 10.4 | 3.5 |
| 2001-07-01 | 10.2 | 3.5 |
| 2001-08-01 | 11.2 | 3.8 |
| 2001-09-01 | 10.8 | 3.9 |
| 2001-10-01 | 11.5 | 4.2 |
| 2001-11-01 | 11.6 | 4.4 |
| 2001-12-01 | 12.2 | 4.5 |
| 2002-01-01 | 12.1 | 4.5 |
| 2002-02-01 | 11.8 | 4.5 |
| 2002-03-01 | 12.5 | 4.5 |
| 2002-04-01 | 12.3 | 4.8 |
| 2002-05-01 | 11.6 | 4.8 |
| 2002-06-01 | 11.8 | 4.7 |
| 2002-07-01 | 12.1 | 4.6 |
| 2002-08-01 | 12.0 | 4.6 |
| 2002-09-01 | 11.7 | 4.5 |
| 2002-10-01 | 11.8 | 4.6 |
| 2002-11-01 | 12.1 | 4.7 |
| 2002-12-01 | 12.1 | 4.8 |
| 2003-01-01 | 12.0 | 4.7 |
| 2003-02-01 | 12.1 | 4.8 |
| 2003-03-01 | 12.0 | 4.8 |
| 2003-04-01 | 12.6 | 4.9 |
| 2003-05-01 | 12.9 | 4.9 |
| 2003-06-01 | 13.2 | 5.1 |
| 2003-07-01 | 13.0 | 4.9 |
| 2003-08-01 | 12.3 | 5.0 |
| 2003-09-01 | 12.8 | 4.9 |
| 2003-10-01 | 12.2 | 4.9 |
| 2003-11-01 | 12.1 | 4.8 |
| 2003-12-01 | 11.7 | 4.6 |
| 2004-01-01 | 12.0 | 4.6 |
| 2004-02-01 | 11.7 | 4.5 |
| 2004-03-01 | 12.0 | 4.7 |
| 2004-04-01 | 11.6 | 4.5 |
| 2004-05-01 | 12.1 | 4.4 |
| 2004-06-01 | 12.0 | 4.5 |
| 2004-07-01 | 12.1 | 4.4 |
| 2004-08-01 | 11.5 | 4.3 |
| 2004-09-01 | 11.7 | 4.3 |
| 2004-10-01 | 12.1 | 4.2 |
| 2004-11-01 | 11.5 | 4.3 |
| 2004-12-01 | 11.7 | 4.2 |
| 2005-01-01 | 11.6 | 4.1 |
| 2005-02-01 | 12.4 | 4.2 |
| 2005-03-01 | 11.8 | 4.0 |
| 2005-04-01 | 11.8 | 4.0 |
| 2005-05-01 | 11.7 | 3.9 |
| 2005-06-01 | 11.1 | 4.0 |
| 2005-07-01 | 10.7 | 4.0 |
| 2005-08-01 | 11.1 | 3.8 |
| 2005-09-01 | 10.8 | 4.1 |
| 2005-10-01 | 10.8 | 3.9 |
| 2005-11-01 | 11.1 | 4.0 |
| 2005-12-01 | 10.5 | 3.9 |
| 2006-01-01 | 10.4 | 3.7 |
| 2006-02-01 | 10.8 | 3.7 |
| 2006-03-01 | 10.5 | 3.6 |
| 2006-04-01 | 10.3 | 3.7 |
| 2006-05-01 | 10.0 | 3.7 |
| 2006-06-01 | 10.4 | 3.6 |
| 2006-07-01 | 10.9 | 3.7 |
| 2006-08-01 | 10.7 | 3.6 |
| 2006-09-01 | 10.6 | 3.5 |
| 2006-10-01 | 10.6 | 3.3 |
| 2006-11-01 | 10.6 | 3.5 |
| 2006-12-01 | 10.0 | 3.5 |
| 2007-01-01 | 10.3 | 3.7 |
| 2007-02-01 | 9.9 | 3.6 |
| 2007-03-01 | 10.0 | 3.4 |
| 2007-04-01 | 10.3 | 3.5 |
| 2007-05-01 | 9.9 | 3.5 |
| 2007-06-01 | 10.6 | 3.5 |
| 2007-07-01 | 10.5 | 3.7 |
| 2007-08-01 | 10.7 | 3.6 |
| 2007-09-01 | 11.2 | 3.6 |
| 2007-10-01 | 10.7 | 3.7 |
| 2007-11-01 | 10.8 | 3.7 |
| 2007-12-01 | 11.7 | 3.8 |
| 2008-01-01 | 11.7 | 3.8 |
| 2008-02-01 | 11.4 | 3.8 |
| 2008-03-01 | 11.4 | 4.0 |
| 2008-04-01 | 11.0 | 4.0 |
| 2008-05-01 | 13.0 | 4.1 |
| 2008-06-01 | 12.9 | 4.3 |
| 2008-07-01 | 13.5 | 4.5 |
| 2008-08-01 | 13.1 | 4.9 |
| 2008-09-01 | 13.5 | 4.9 |
| 2008-10-01 | 13.6 | 5.3 |
| 2008-11-01 | 14.0 | 5.6 |
| 2008-12-01 | 14.8 | 6.1 |
| 2009-01-01 | 15.0 | 6.6 |
| 2009-02-01 | 16.0 | 7.1 |
| 2009-03-01 | 16.5 | 7.4 |
| 2009-04-01 | 16.7 | 7.7 |
| 2009-05-01 | 17.6 | 8.0 |
| 2009-06-01 | 18.0 | 8.1 |
| 2009-07-01 | 17.9 | 8.1 |
| 2009-08-01 | 18.1 | 8.3 |
| 2009-09-01 | 18.4 | 8.4 |
| 2009-10-01 | 19.1 | 8.6 |
| 2009-11-01 | 19.2 | 8.4 |
| 2009-12-01 | 18.8 | 8.4 |
| 2010-01-01 | 18.8 | 8.3 |
| 2010-02-01 | 18.7 | 8.4 |
| 2010-03-01 | 18.8 | 8.5 |
| 2010-04-01 | 19.5 | 8.4 |
| 2010-05-01 | 18.1 | 8.3 |
| 2010-06-01 | 18.2 | 8.1 |
| 2010-07-01 | 18.4 | 8.0 |
| 2010-08-01 | 17.7 | 8.2 |
| 2010-09-01 | 17.9 | 8.2 |
| 2010-10-01 | 18.7 | 8.1 |
| 2010-11-01 | 18.5 | 8.4 |
| 2010-12-01 | 17.9 | 8.0 |
| 2011-01-01 | 18.1 | 7.7 |
| 2011-02-01 | 17.7 | 7.6 |
| 2011-03-01 | 17.6 | 7.6 |
| 2011-04-01 | 17.6 | 7.7 |
| 2011-05-01 | 17.3 | 7.7 |
| 2011-06-01 | 17.1 | 7.9 |
| 2011-07-01 | 17.3 | 7.7 |
| 2011-08-01 | 17.4 | 7.7 |
| 2011-09-01 | 17.3 | 7.7 |
| 2011-10-01 | 16.7 | 7.6 |
| 2011-11-01 | 17.0 | 7.3 |
| 2011-12-01 | 16.7 | 7.2 |
| 2012-01-01 | 16.1 | 7.0 |
| 2012-02-01 | 16.5 | 7.0 |
| 2012-03-01 | 16.2 | 6.9 |
| 2012-04-01 | 16.6 | 6.8 |
| 2012-05-01 | 16.1 | 6.9 |
| 2012-06-01 | 16.2 | 7.0 |
| 2012-07-01 | 16.3 | 6.9 |
| 2012-08-01 | 16.7 | 6.7 |
| 2012-09-01 | 15.5 | 6.6 |
| 2012-10-01 | 16.0 | 6.5 |
| 2012-11-01 | 15.9 | 6.4 |
| 2012-12-01 | 16.5 | 6.5 |
| 2013-01-01 | 16.8 | 6.5 |
| 2013-02-01 | 16.3 | 6.3 |
| 2013-03-01 | 16.1 | 6.2 |
| 2013-04-01 | 16.3 | 6.2 |
| 2013-05-01 | 16.3 | 6.1 |
| 2013-06-01 | 16.0 | 6.2 |
| 2013-07-01 | 15.4 | 6.0 |
| 2013-08-01 | 15.7 | 5.9 |
| 2013-09-01 | 15.1 | 6.0 |
| 2013-10-01 | 14.8 | 6.0 |
| 2013-11-01 | 14.1 | 5.9 |
| 2013-12-01 | 13.4 | 5.6 |
| 2014-01-01 | 14.1 | 5.3 |
| 2014-02-01 | 14.5 | 5.4 |
| 2014-03-01 | 14.6 | 5.4 |
| 2014-04-01 | 13.0 | 5.2 |
| 2014-05-01 | 13.3 | 5.2 |
| 2014-06-01 | 13.1 | 5.0 |
| 2014-07-01 | 13.5 | 5.0 |
| 2014-08-01 | 13.2 | 5.0 |
| 2014-09-01 | 13.8 | 4.7 |
| 2014-10-01 | 12.6 | 4.7 |
| 2014-11-01 | 12.5 | 4.8 |
| 2014-12-01 | 12.2 | 4.5 |
| 2015-01-01 | 12.0 | 4.6 |
| 2015-02-01 | 11.8 | 4.5 |
| 2015-03-01 | 12.5 | 4.4 |
| 2015-04-01 | 11.8 | 4.5 |
| 2015-05-01 | 12.3 | 4.5 |
| 2015-06-01 | 11.9 | 4.2 |
| 2015-07-01 | 11.5 | 4.2 |
| 2015-08-01 | 11.1 | 4.1 |
| 2015-09-01 | 11.2 | 4.1 |
| 2015-10-01 | 11.0 | 4.1 |
| 2015-11-01 | 11.2 | 4.2 |
| 2015-12-01 | 11.1 | 4.0 |
| 2016-01-01 | 10.0 | 4.0 |
| 2016-02-01 | 10.5 | 4.0 |
| 2016-03-01 | 10.7 | 4.1 |
| 2016-04-01 | 11.0 | 4.1 |
| 2016-05-01 | 10.4 | 3.9 |
| 2016-06-01 | 10.5 | 4.0 |
| 2016-07-01 | 10.6 | 3.9 |
| 2016-08-01 | 10.2 | 4.1 |
| 2016-09-01 | 10.4 | 4.2 |
| 2016-10-01 | 10.6 | 4.0 |
| 2016-11-01 | 10.3 | 3.9 |
| 2016-12-01 | 10.0 | 3.9 |
| 2017-01-01 | 10.0 | 3.9 |
| 2017-02-01 | 9.8 | 3.9 |
| 2017-03-01 | 9.0 | 3.7 |
| 2017-04-01 | 9.3 | 3.6 |
| 2017-05-01 | 8.7 | 3.7 |
| 2017-06-01 | 9.1 | 3.6 |
| 2017-07-01 | 8.9 | 3.6 |
| 2017-08-01 | 8.9 | 3.7 |
| 2017-09-01 | 9.1 | 3.5 |
| 2017-10-01 | 9.2 | 3.4 |
| 2017-11-01 | 9.8 | 3.4 |
| 2017-12-01 | 9.1 | 3.4 |
| 2018-01-01 | 9.2 | 3.3 |
| 2018-02-01 | 9.0 | 3.4 |
| 2018-03-01 | 8.3 | 3.3 |
| 2018-04-01 | 8.4 | 3.3 |
| 2018-05-01 | 8.6 | 3.1 |
| 2018-06-01 | 8.8 | 3.2 |
| 2018-07-01 | 8.6 | 3.1 |
| 2018-08-01 | 8.2 | 3.1 |
| 2018-09-01 | 8.4 | 3.0 |
| 2018-10-01 | 8.5 | 3.1 |
| 2018-11-01 | 8.3 | 3.1 |
| 2018-12-01 | 8.9 | 3.2 |
| 2019-01-01 | 9.2 | 3.2 |
| 2019-02-01 | 9.1 | 3.0 |
| 2019-03-01 | 8.5 | 3.1 |
| 2019-04-01 | 8.1 | 2.9 |
| 2019-05-01 | 8.5 | 2.9 |
| 2019-06-01 | 7.9 | 3.0 |
| 2019-07-01 | 8.4 | 3.0 |
| 2019-08-01 | 8.4 | 2.9 |
| 2019-09-01 | 7.9 | 2.8 |
| 2019-10-01 | 8.0 | 2.9 |
| 2019-11-01 | 8.1 | 2.9 |
| 2019-12-01 | 8.3 | 2.9 |
| 2020-01-01 | 8.5 | 2.9 |
| 2020-02-01 | 7.9 | 2.9 |
| 2020-03-01 | 10.0 | 3.6 |
| 2020-04-01 | 27.4 | 13.0 |
| 2020-05-01 | 25.1 | 11.5 |
| 2020-06-01 | 20.4 | 9.7 |
| 2020-07-01 | 18.4 | 9.0 |
| 2020-08-01 | 14.7 | 7.5 |
| 2020-09-01 | 13.6 | 7.0 |
| 2020-10-01 | 11.8 | 6.2 |
| 2020-11-01 | 11.6 | 6.0 |
| 2020-12-01 | 12.6 | 5.9 |
| 2021-01-01 | 11.3 | 5.6 |
| 2021-02-01 | 11.0 | 5.6 |
| 2021-03-01 | 10.9 | 5.3 |
| 2021-04-01 | 10.8 | 5.3 |
| 2021-05-01 | 10.1 | 5.1 |
| 2021-06-01 | 9.7 | 5.4 |
| 2021-07-01 | 9.5 | 4.8 |
| 2021-08-01 | 9.8 | 4.5 |
| 2021-09-01 | 8.8 | 4.1 |
| 2021-10-01 | 8.5 | 3.9 |
| 2021-11-01 | 8.4 | 3.6 |
| 2021-12-01 | 8.2 | 3.3 |
| 2022-01-01 | 8.3 | 3.4 |
| 2022-02-01 | 8.3 | 3.2 |
| 2022-03-01 | 8.2 | 2.9 |
| 2022-04-01 | 7.9 | 3.0 |
| 2022-05-01 | 7.9 | 3.0 |
| 2022-06-01 | 8.1 | 3.0 |
| 2022-07-01 | 7.9 | 2.8 |
| 2022-08-01 | 8.0 | 3.0 |
| 2022-09-01 | 8.3 | 2.8 |
| 2022-10-01 | 8.1 | 3.0 |
| 2022-11-01 | 8.2 | 3.0 |
| 2022-12-01 | 8.2 | 2.8 |
| 2023-01-01 | 8.0 | 2.8 |
| 2023-02-01 | 8.1 | 2.9 |
| 2023-03-01 | 7.5 | 2.9 |
Notes: Shaded areas represent recessions.
Source: Authors' analysis of Bureau of Labor Statistics' Current Population Survey public data.
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