Connection between disempowerment of blacks via mass incarceration and Latinos via deportations
Rate of imprisonment in state or federal correctional facilities, 1925–2011
| Year | Imprisonment rate |
|---|---|
| 1925 | 79 |
| 1926 | 83 |
| 1927 | 91 |
| 1928 | 96 |
| 1929 | 98 |
| 1930 | 104 |
| 1931 | 110 |
| 1932 | 110 |
| 1933 | 109 |
| 1934 | 109 |
| 1935 | 113 |
| 1936 | 113 |
| 1937 | 118 |
| 1938 | 123 |
| 1939 | 137 |
| 1940 | 132 |
| 1941 | 124 |
| 1942 | 112 |
| 1943 | 102 |
| 1944 | 100 |
| 1945 | 101 |
| 1946 | 100 |
| 1947 | 106 |
| 1948 | 108 |
| 1949 | 111 |
| 1950 | 111 |
| 1951 | 110 |
| 1952 | 110 |
| 1953 | 111 |
| 1954 | 115 |
| 1955 | 114 |
| 1956 | 115 |
| 1957 | 116 |
| 1958 | 120 |
| 1959 | 119 |
| 1960 | 119 |
| 1961 | 120 |
| 1962 | 118 |
| 1963 | 115 |
| 1964 | 112 |
| 1965 | 109 |
| 1966 | 102 |
| 1967 | 99 |
| 1968 | 94 |
| 1969 | 98 |
| 1970 | 97 |
| 1971 | 96 |
| 1972 | 94 |
| 1973 | 97 |
| 1974 | 103 |
| 1975 | 113 |
| 1976 | 122 |
| 1977 | 128 |
| 1978 | 130 |
| 1979 | 132 |
| 1980 | 134 |
| 1981 | 150 |
| 1982 | 166 |
| 1983 | 173 |
| 1984 | 181 |
| 1985 | 195 |
| 1986 | 215 |
| 1987 | 222 |
| 1988 | 238 |
| 1989 | 264 |
| 1990 | 284 |
| 1991 | 300 |
| 1992 | 319 |
| 1993 | 338 |
| 1994 | 367 |
| 1995 | 393 |
| 1996 | 407 |
| 1997 | 420 |
| 1998 | 433 |
| 1999 | 432 |
| 2000 | 421 |
| 2001 | 421 |
| 2002 | 429 |
| 2003 | 432 |
| 2004 | 436 |
| 2005 | 438 |
| 2006 | 443 |
| 2007 | 445 |
| 2008 | 443 |
| 2009 | 438 |
| 2010 | 434 |
| 2011 | 423 |
Total removal of non-U.S. citizens out of the country, 1925–2013
| Year | Removals |
|---|---|
| 1925 | 34,885 |
| 1926 | 31,454 |
| 1927 | 31,417 |
| 1928 | 30,464 |
| 1929 | 31,035 |
| 1930 | 24,864 |
| 1931 | 27,886 |
| 1932 | 26,490 |
| 1933 | 25,392 |
| 1934 | 14,263 |
| 1935 | 13,877 |
| 1936 | 16,195 |
| 1937 | 16,905 |
| 1938 | 17,341 |
| 1939 | 14,700 |
| 1940 | 12,254 |
| 1941 | 7,336 |
| 1942 | 5,542 |
| 1943 | 5,702 |
| 1944 | 8,821 |
| 1945 | 13,611 |
| 1946 | 17,317 |
| 1947 | 23,434 |
| 1948 | 25,276 |
| 1949 | 23,874 |
| 1950 | 10,199 |
| 1951 | 17,328 |
| 1952 | 23,125 |
| 1953 | 23,482 |
| 1954 | 30,264 |
| 1955 | 17,695 |
| 1956 | 9,006 |
| 1957 | 5,989 |
| 1958 | 7,875 |
| 1959 | 8,468 |
| 1960 | 7,240 |
| 1961 | 8,181 |
| 1962 | 8,025 |
| 1963 | 7,763 |
| 1964 | 9,167 |
| 1965 | 10,572 |
| 1966 | 9,680 |
| 1967 | 9,728 |
| 1968 | 9,590 |
| 1969 | 11,030 |
| 1970 | 17,469 |
| 1971 | 18,294 |
| 1972 | 16,883 |
| 1973 | 17,346 |
| 1974 | 19,413 |
| 1975 | 24,432 |
| 1976 3 | 38,471 |
| 1977 | 31,263 |
| 1978 | 29,277 |
| 1979 | 26,825 |
| 1980 | 18,013 |
| 1981 | 17,379 |
| 1982 | 15,216 |
| 1983 | 19,211 |
| 1984 | 18,696 |
| 1985 | 23,105 |
| 1986 | 24,592 |
| 1987 | 24,336 |
| 1988 | 25,829 |
| 1989 | 34,427 |
| 1990 | 30,039 |
| 1991 | 33,189 |
| 1992 | 43,671 |
| 1993 | 42,542 |
| 1994 | 45,674 |
| 1995 | 50,924 |
| 1996 | 69,680 |
| 1997 | 114,432 |
| 1998 | 174,813 |
| 1999 | 183,114 |
| 2000 | 188,467 |
| 2001 | 189,026 |
| 2002 | 165,168 |
| 2003 | 211,098 |
| 2004 | 240,665 |
| 2005 | 246,431 |
| 2006 | 280,974 |
| 2007 | 319,382 |
| 2008 | 359,795 |
| 2009 | 391,597 |
| 2010 | 382,265 |
| 2011 | 387,134 |
| 2012 | 418,397 |
| 2013 | 438,421 |
Note: Removals are the compulsory and confirmed movement of an inadmissible or deportable alien out of the United States based on an order of removal. An alien who is removed has administrative or criminal consequences placed on subsequent reentry owing to the fact of the removal.
Source: Imprisonment figures are calculations from Cox (2015), using data from Minor-Harper (1986) and Carson and Mulako-Wangota (2013); immigration figures are EPI analysis of data from the Department of Homeland Security, Office of Immigration Statistics
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