Table X
Agriculture accounted for 20% to 30% of all subsidies in the years leading up to the pandemic: Government subsidies by industry, dollar amount in billions and shares, 2013-2022 (2023$)
| Year | 2013 | 2014 | 2015 | 2016 | 2017 | 2018 | 2019 | 2020 | 2021 | 2022 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| All subsidies | 78.1 | 74.8 | 73.5 | 78.3 | 74.5 | 76.8 | 87.0 | 773.4 | 542.8 | 132.6 |
| Federal | 77.4 | 74.1 | 72.9 | 77.7 | 73.7 | 76.1 | 86.3 | 772.6 | 539.3 | 132.0 |
| Agricultural | 14.4 | 12.6 | 13.9 | 16.5 | 14.3 | 16.6 | 26.7 | 54.2 | 29.9 | 15.4 |
| Housing | 43.4 | 43.5 | 44.9 | 47.7 | 44.5 | 47.2 | 47.9 | 51.9 | 50.9 | 50.0 |
| Maritime | 0.1 | 0.1 | 0.0 | 0.1 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.1 | 0.0 | 0.0 |
| Air carriers | 0.3 | 0.3 | 0.3 | 0.3 | 0.2 | 0.2 | 0.4 | 23.5 | 24.9 | 0.7 |
| Other | 19.2 | 17.6 | 13.8 | 13.1 | 14.5 | 12.1 | 11.2 | 642.9 | 433.6 | 65.9 |
| State and local | 0.7 | 0.6 | 0.6 | 0.6 | 0.7 | 0.7 | 0.7 | 0.7 | 3.5 | 0.7 |
| % as a share of total subsidies | ||||||||||
| Federal | 99.2% | 99.1% | 99.1% | 99.2% | 99.0% | 99.1% | 99.2% | 99.9% | 99.4% | 99.5% |
| Agricultural | 18.4% | 16.9% | 18.9% | 21.1% | 19.2% | 21.6% | 30.7% | 7.0% | 5.5% | 11.6% |
| Housing | 55.6% | 58.2% | 61.0% | 60.9% | 59.8% | 61.5% | 55.1% | 6.7% | 9.4% | 37.7% |
| Maritime | 0.2% | 0.2% | 0.0% | 0.2% | 0.0% | 0.0% | 0.0% | 0.0% | 0.0% | 0.0% |
| Air carriers | 0.3% | 0.3% | 0.3% | 0.3% | 0.3% | 0.3% | 0.4% | 3.0% | 4.6% | 0.5% |
| Other | 24.6% | 23.6% | 18.7% | 16.7% | 19.5% | 15.8% | 12.9% | 83.1% | 79.9% | 49.7% |
| State and local | 0.8% | 0.9% | 0.9% | 0.8% | 1.0% | 0.9% | 0.8% | 0.1% | 0.6% | 0.5% |
Notes: "Other" category consists largely of subsidies to railroads, mass transit systems, and the Federal Crop Insurance Corporation (FCIC).
Source: U.S. Bureau of Economic Analysis, "Table 3.13. Subsidies," National Income and Product Accounts [interactive data tables], accessed Tuesday, September 10, 2024.