A more comprehensive look at employment: Employment-to-population ratios for select workers by race/ethnicity and gender, February 2020, April 2020, October 2024, and November 2024
| characteristic | February 2020 | April 2020 | October 2024 | November 2024 |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| White men | 69.6% | 60.5% | 67.6% | 67.5% |
| White women | 56.7% | 47.2% | 55.7% | 55.7% |
| Black men | 63.4% | 52.9% | 65.3% | 64.6% |
| Black women | 60.7% | 49.4% | 59.5% | 58.6% |
| Latinx men | 78.3% | 64.3% | 76.5% | 75.8% |
| Latinx women | 58.8% | 44.8% | 58.2% | 58.6% |
Notes: Data are for workers ages 20 and older. Racial and ethnic categories are not mutually exclusive; white and Black data do not exclude Latinx workers of each race. Employment to population levels are labeled for February, April, and the trough in between.
This chart appears in:
- Black women face a persistent pay gap, including in essential occupations during the pandemic
- Jobs and unemployment
- The strong labor market recovery has helped Latinx workers recover from the pandemic recession, but the end of economic relief measures worsened disparities that continue to demand policy attention
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